The propulsion of all rockets is explained by the same physical principle, which is Newton's third law of motion. Matter is forcefully ejected from a system, producing an equal and opposite reaction on what remains. The air goes one way and the balloon moves in the opposite direction. Rockets work in much the same way. Exhaust gases coming out of the engine nozzle at high speed push the rocket forward.
A rocket has four main parts, nose cone, fins, rocket body, and engine. The nose cone carries the payload or cargo. Common payloads include astro- nauts, satellites, scientific instruments, and even explosives. The nose cone may also contain the guidance system that controls the flight direction of the rocket. Aerodynamic forces are generated and act on a rocket as it flies through the air. Forces are vector quantities having both a magnitude and a direction. The magnitude of the aerodynamic forces depends on the shape, size and velocity of the rocket and some properties of the air through which it flies.
American rocketry pioneer Robert H. Goddard and his first liquid-fueled rocket, March 16, 1926. Dr. Robert Hutchings Goddard 1882-1945 is considered the father of modern rocket propulsion. A physicist of great insight, Goddard also had a unique genius for invention.
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